UBomi obukhulu beShelufu yeKing Trumpet Mushrooms (Pleurotus eryngii)

Ukugcinwa kwexesha lamakhowa exilongo lixhomekeke kwiimeko zokugcina kunye nonyango lwasemva kokuvuna. Apha ngezantsi kukho imigaqo ephuculweyo exhaswa zizifundo zokugcinwa kokutya (IFT, 2022) kunye nezikhokelo zeUSDA:

1. Ifriji esemgangathweni

• Ubushushu: 0–2°C (±0.5°C)
• Ukufuma: 90–95% RH
• Ukupakishwa: Iingxowa zepolyethylene ezigqojoziweyo (imingxuma emi-5–8/cm²)
• Beka ubomi kwishelufa:
  • Amakhowa apheleleyo: Iintsuku ze-12-14 (ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo <3%)
  • Amakhowa agayiweyo: 7-9 iintsuku (ubalo lwemicrobial olulawulwayo <10⁴ CFU/g)

Umba ongundoqo: CO₂ concentration ≤2000 ppm ukukhusela ukuphefumla kwe-anaerobic.

2. Ukupakishwa kweAtmosphere eLungisiweyo (MAP)

• Ukuqulunqwa kwegesi: 5% O₂ + 10% CO₂ + 85% N₂
• Uhlobo lwefilimu: Ifilimu ye-BOPP/PE elaminethiweyo (OTR: 3000–4000 cm³/m²·24h·atm)
• Beka ubomi kwishelufa:
  • Iintsuku eziyi-18-21 (akukho mdaka ubonakalayo okanye ubuncinci)
  • Umsebenzi wePolyphenol oxidase wehliswe ngama-65%

Ukuqinisekiswa: Iimvavanyo ze-ATP ze-bioluminescence ziqinisekisa ukutsha (RLU <800).

3. Vacuum Precooling + Umkhenkce

• Ukupholisa kwangaphambili: Nciphisa iqondo lokushisa eliphambili kwi-4 ° C ngaphakathi kwe-30 min
• Umkhenkce: I-IQF ku -35°C → Ukugcinwa ku -18°C
• Beka ubomi kwishelufa:
  • Iinyanga ze-10-12 (ukugcinwa kokubhaliweyo> 80%)
  • Akukho lahleko lubalulekileyo lwezondlo (iprotheni ≥92%, i-polysaccharides ≥88%)

Ulawulo lwemeko: I-Blanching (95 ° C / 2 min) phambi kokuba umkhenkce unqande i-enzymatic browning.

4. ITekhnoloji yoKutya okutyiwayo

• Ifomula yokwaleka: 1.5% chitosan + 0.2% nano-SiO₂
• Iingenelo:
  • Ulibazisa ukuvulwa kwe-cap ngeentsuku ezi-5-7
  • Yehlisa izinga lokuphefumla ngama-40%
  • Igcina ukuqina (≥12 N amandla okugqobhoza)